Mugihe cya karuboni ebyiri, isoko yo kubika ingufu ku isi yatangije iterambere riturika, aho Ubushinwa, Amerika y'Amajyaruguru n'Uburayi bibaye isoko rikomeye ku isi mu kubika ingufu nshya, bitwara hejuru ya 80% by'imigabane ku isoko.Muri byo, isoko rishya ryo kubika ingufu z’Ubushinwa rizaturika rwose mu 2022, rirenga Amerika kugira ngo ibe iya mbere ku isi mu bijyanye n’ingufu, bingana na 1/3 cy’isoko ry’isi.
Mu 2023, hamwe n’isoko ryo kubika ingufu z’imbere mu gihugu “rifite uruhare rukomeye”, kimwe no gukonjesha isoko ry’ububiko bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi, byibanze cyane ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu cyangwa isoko rimwe ryo mu mahanga ry’amasosiyete abika ingufu z’Ubushinwa, yatangiye kwibanda kuri isoko rinini ku isi, kandi ushishoze cyane Amerika n'Uburayi hanze ya Ositaraliya, Ubuyapani, Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, Uburasirazuba bwo hagati, n'isoko rya Afurika.Ku isoko ryo kubika ingufu ku isi, amasosiyete y’Abashinwa, amasosiyete akorera muri Amerika, amasosiyete y’Abayapani na Koreya, amasosiyete y’i Burayi, n’amasosiyete yo mu turere duturutse mu tundi turere dutandukanye arahatana.Ubushinwa, Amerika y'Amajyaruguru n'Uburayi byahindutse isoko rikomeye ku isi mu kubika ingufu nshya, hamwe n’umugabane urenga 80% ku isoko ryo kubika ingufu ku isi.
Ubushinwa n’amasoko yo muri Amerika byiganjemo ububiko bw’ingufu zabanjirije metero, mu gihe isoko ry’iburayi ryiganjemo ububiko bw’ingufu zikoreshwa ku ruhande, icyifuzo nyamukuru kiva mu gukemura ikibazo cy’ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi yo mu ngo.Nk’uko imibare y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ibika ingufu (EASE) ibigaragaza, Uburayi bwabonye 4.5GW yo kubika ingufu zashyizweho mu 2022, bwiyongeraho 80.9% umwaka ushize, muri bwo ububiko bunini n’ububiko bw’inganda n’ubucuruzi bugera kuri 2GW, n’urugo ububiko bugera kuri 2.5GW.Muri rusange ingano yashyizwe mu bubiko bw'ingufu ku isoko ry'Ubuyapani ni iya kabiri nyuma y'Ubushinwa na Amerika mu bihugu.Ubuyapani umuturage akoresha amashanyarazi akubye kabiri ikigereranyo cya Aziya-Pasifika.Biteganijwe kandi ko Ubuyapani buzaba bumwe mu masoko atanga icyizere cyo kubika ingufu za gride nini mu karere ka Aziya-Pasifika.
Isoko rya Australiya ryerekana inzira yiterambere ryububiko bwa batiri murugo hamwe nububiko bunini bwingufu zijyana, Australiya ibona 1.07GWh yo kubika ingufu zashyizweho mumwaka wa 2022, ububiko bwurugo bukaba hafi kimwe cya kabiri cyabyo.Australiya irafise kandi imishinga minini yo kubika ingufu, kandi yohereje imishinga yo kubika ingufu ifite ubushobozi burenga 40GW, ikaza ku isonga ku isoko ryo kubika ingufu za batiri ku isi.Byongeye kandi, Uburasirazuba bwo hagati, Aziya yo hagati, Afurika, Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, Amerika y'Epfo n'andi masoko akivuka, hamwe no gusaba gusimbuza ingufu za mazutu, kubika ingufu bigenda biba “ibikorwa remezo bishya”, isoko ryiyongera.
Muri Afurika y'Amajyaruguru no mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, isoko ry’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu zarafashwe.Kugeza mu mpera za 2022, Yorodani mu mikorere y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi n’umuyaga agera kuri 2,4GW (bingana na 34%), amashanyarazi y’umuyaga w’amashanyarazi muri Maroc yari 33%, Misiri y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi yashyizweho + imishinga irimo kubakwa 10GW , Arabiya Sawudite akarere k'inyanja Itukura igenamigambi ry’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu bubiko bw’ingufu zashyizweho ubushobozi bwo kugera kuri 1.3GWh.Imiyoboro myinshi y'amashanyarazi mu bihugu bya ASEAN ikwirakwijwe ku birwa bifite urwego ruto rwo guhuza imiyoboro, kandi kubika ingufu birashobora kugira uruhare runini mu kubungabunga umutekano wa gride mu gihe ikoresha ingufu z'izuba n'umuyaga.Kubwibyo, muri Vietnam, Tayilande, Filipine, Singapore, Maleziya na Indoneziya ndetse n’ibindi bihugu n’uturere, ubwiyongere bw’isoko ryo kubika ingufu nabwo burihuta cyane.
Afurika y'Epfo, nk'ubukungu bwa kabiri mu bukungu muri Afurika, imaze imyaka myinshi ihura n'ikibazo cy'amashanyarazi, kandi biteganijwe ko isoko ryo kubika batiri ryiyongera vuba mu myaka icumi iri imbere.Raporo ya Banki y'Isi yerekana ko isoko ryo kubika batiri muri Afurika y'Epfo riteganijwe kwiyongera kuva kuri 270MWh muri 2020 rikagera kuri 9.700MWh muri 2030, kandi mu bihe byiza biteganijwe ko riziyongera kugera kuri 15.000MWh.Nyamara, muri uyu mwaka, isoko ryo kubika ingufu muri Afurika yepfo rizatangira mu gihe cyizuba ryinshi, kandi ibarura ryinshi rigira ingaruka ku byoherezwa, kandi inyungu z’amasosiyete afitanye isano n’igitutu mu byiciro.
Muri Amerika y'Epfo, biteganijwe ko Burezili yiganje, irangwa no kongera ingufu ziva mu miturire ndetse no mu nganda n’ubucuruzi.Arijantine, yiganjemo ububiko bwa pompe, iratekereza kandi kuri sisitemu yo kubika ibikoresho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-06-2023
