Ishyirahamwe ry’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba (SEIA) ryashyize ahagaragara amakuru aheruka gukorwa mu nganda yerekana ko nubwo Leta zunzubumwe z’Amerika zikora inganda zo guhunika ingufu zateye imbere mu myaka ibiri ishize, kandi mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2023, ubushobozi bwashyizweho bwo kubika ingufu nabwo buriyongera, ariko Reta zunzubumwe zamerika ibikoresho bibika ingufu murwego rwo gutanga ubushobozi ntibishobora kugera ku ntego zashyizweho n’ikirere.Kugirango Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zishireho urwego rukomeye rwo kubika ingufu, ariko kandi rugomba kurenga kubura abakozi babigize umwuga nubuhanga, inzitizi zo kubona ibikoresho fatizo, igiciro kinini ugereranije nizindi "mbogamizi".
Kurushanwa mu nganda bigomba kunozwa
Muri raporo ya SEIA yavuze ko bateri ya lithium-ion ari bwo buryo bw'ibanze bwo kubika ingufu zikoreshwa mu kongera ingufu zishobora gukoreshwa muri Amerika muri iki gihe.Iteganyagihe riteganya ko bateri ikenera isi yose yiyongera kuva kuri 670 GWh muri 2022 ikagera kuri 4000 GWh muri 2030 mubisabwa nkimodoka zikoresha izuba n amashanyarazi.Muri byo, ubushobozi bwashyizweho bwa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zisabwa mu rwego rw’ingufu zishobora kwiyongera zizava kuri 60 GWh zigere kuri 840 GWh, mu gihe icyifuzo cyashyizweho kuri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zishingiye kuri Amerika kiziyongera kiva kuri 18 GWh muri 2022 kigere kuri 119 GWh.
Mu myaka mike ishize, guverinoma y’Amerika yasabye inshuro nyinshi gutera inkunga no gushyigikira urwego rw’inganda zibika ingufu.Minisiteri y’ingufu muri Amerika yashimangiye ko izamura isoko ry’abanyamerika ry’ingufu z’ingufu binyuze mu nkunga nini ku bakora inganda zibika ingufu za batiri ndetse n’inganda zitanga amasoko, kongera ishoramari ry’ibikorwa remezo, no gushimangira imyuga n’amahugurwa.
Nyamara, Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zibika ingufu zinganda zo murwego rwo gutanga ibicuruzwa byiyongera kurenza uko byari byitezwe.Amakuru yerekana ko kuri ubu, sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za batiri zo muri Amerika zifite ingufu za GWh 60 gusa.Nubwo politiki iriho ubu, isoko ryo kubika ingufu muri Amerika ryungutse amafaranga atigeze abaho, ariko umushinga urashobora amaherezo ugomba no kuzirikana uburambe bwo gukora, impano zumwuga, urwego rwa tekiniki nibindi bibazo, inganda zo muri Amerika zibika ingufu zaho. urunigi rwo guhangana ku isi yose ntiruhagije.
Gutanga ibikoresho bidahagije ni icyuho kigaragara
Gutanga ibikoresho bidahagije nicyo kibazo nyamukuru kibangamiye inganda zibika ingufu muri SEIA yo muri Amerika yerekanye ko umusaruro wa bateri ya lithium-ion, harimo lithium, fosifore, grafite n’ibindi bikoresho by’ibanze, ariko ibyinshi muri ibyo bikoresho by’ibanze ntabwo aribyo yacukuwe muri Amerika, igomba gutumizwa mu mahanga.
Ntabwo aribyo gusa, SEIA yongeye kwerekana ko itangwa rya lithium, grafite nibindi bikoresho byingenzi bibisi bikabije, aho ibikoresho bya grafite ari inganda zo kubika ingufu za batiri muri Amerika zihura n "" icyuho gishobora ".Kugeza ubu, Reta zunzubumwe zamerika ntizifite ibikorerwa bisanzwe bya grafite, nubwo Australiya na Kanada bishobora kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, ntibishobora guhaza icyifuzo cya Amerika.Kugira ngo icyuho gikenewe, Leta zunzubumwe zamerika zigomba gushaka gutumiza ibintu byinshi bya grafite cyangwa ibishushanyo mbonera.
Haracyari ibibazo byinshi imbere
Perezida wa SEIA akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru, Hopper yavuze ko ubushobozi bwa Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika mu kuzamura imiyoboro ya interineti biterwa n’umuvuduko w’umusaruro waho ndetse no kohereza ikoranabuhanga mu kubika ingufu za batiri, ariko inganda zo muri Amerika muri iki gihe ziracyafite amarushanwa menshi n’ibibazo.
SEIA yavuze ko impinduka ku isoko ry’ingufu ku bakora inganda zo muri Amerika kugira ngo bashyire imbere ibisabwa biri hejuru, kubaka ikigega cyo kubika ingufu z’imbere mu gihugu ni ngombwa.Kugirango ugere ku ntego z’ikirere zashyizweho, muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika ibicuruzwa bibika ingufu ntibikenewe gusa kugira ngo bikemuke, ahubwo bigomba no gutangwa ku giciro cyo gupiganwa, ubuziranenge buhamye, igihe n'ubushobozi.Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, SEIA irasaba ko leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zongera itangwa ry’ibikoresho fatizo kandi zigashishikarizwa na guverinoma z’igihugu kugabanya igiciro cy’ishoramari ryabanjirije umushinga, tutibagiwe ko ari ngombwa kwihutisha iyubakwa ry’imishinga, kubyaza umusaruro ubunararibonye bw’inganda, no gushimangira ubufatanye n’ibihugu by’abafatanyabikorwa mu kuzamura urwego rw’abakozi.
Nubwo Amerika yashyizeho ubushobozi bwo kubika ingufu zazamutse vuba mumwaka ushize, umuvuduko wubwubatsi ntushobora kugendana nubwiyongere bwikenewe bwibisabwa, kubashoramari b'imishinga, usibye ibikoresho fatizo, ibiciro nibindi bitagenda neza, mubyukuri, nabyo ahura nikibazo cyo gutinda kwemererwa.Ni muri urwo rwego, birasabwa ko guverinoma y’Amerika yakwihutisha umuvuduko w’imishinga yo kubika ingufu, kurushaho guteza imbere ishoramari, no guteza imbere inkunga yo kubika isoko ry’ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-22-2023
